Joint painFingers are an irreplaceable sign of any common pathology where the structural components of these joints are damaged.First of all, pain in these joints can be linked to various autoimmune diseases (Systematic red shine, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriagan arthritis, etc.) Immune factors damage their trade tissues.
The main reasonable cause of the next basispainFingers may have injuries in joints (Bruises, dislocations, bone fractures, ligaments).In these joints, pains can also be provoked with degenerative changes in articular tissues.It can often be observed with osteoarthritis.
Anatomy of the joints of the hand
All joints of the hand are customary to divide into the following groups:
- wrist combination;
- combinations of the wrist;
- Carpal patterned compounds;
- Mixed compounds;
- Phalanal-Phalanx joints;
- Interponerx compounds.
Wrist joint
The wrist joint is formed by the bones of proximal bones (up) a number of wrists (trihedral, semi-liquid, skaphoid bones) and distal areas of radiation and elbow bones.Elbow bone is not directly attached to wrist bones but with distal help (Down) article disk.This structure separates the gap of wrist combination from distal cavity (Down) Tile joint.
The joints of the wrists
The wrist joints are represented by three types of joints.In the first form includes these joints between the upper bones (Skaphoid, semi-liquid, trihedral, peas) or low row (In the form of a hook, head heads, trapezoidal, bone grip).These joints are called Interchangena compounds.According to the second type, the caterpillar joint is lined together.This is a shared form of shape and occurs due to the closure of the upper and lower range of the wrist.The third type includes a combination of pea bone.Through this joint, the trihedral is connected to the bone peas.
Capacen-penalty joints
Carpal panel joints combine wrists and metacarpal bones.These joints are formed with the contact of proximal goals (ground) Metacarpal bones and distal units of carpal bones belonging to the second row.Carpal patterned combinations include two main joint.First, the thumb is a combination of playing the carpal.The first metarpal bone is formed with the bone holding.
The second playful, second, third, fourth, fifth metallpal bones and trapezoidal are common carpal roads for common carpal-prypyna combinations between bones and partial bones and partial bones.The carpal patterned combination of the thumb was separated from a common carpal patterned combination.Since more active actions are possible compared to the rest of the carpal roads (Includes total carpal-pathway combination) considered to be seated.Carpal panel combinations are strongly increased by articular capsules, as well as ligaments (Back and palmar occupying ligaments).
Translator
The second, third, fourth, fourth, fourth and fifth metric bones form the lateral surfaces and interpreting the interpreting joints.These joints, carpal roads have separate articular capsules approaching joint capsules, are related to them.In addition to the capsules, these joints have an inter -Cenery metacarpal ligaments, as well as the ligamentaous apparatus represented by the back and palmar pairing ligaments.Interpener joints apply to the seated combinations of the hand, because the articular surfaces of the bones that form these joints have a flat form.
Parleen-Phalanx joints
Parleus-Phalangx compounds are the compounds between distal (down) With the ends of metacarpal bones and proxals (up) the first phalanges areas of the fingers of the hand.Each finger of the upper limb is its own metacarponal joint.Thus, there are five metacarpal phalancing combinations in each hand.
Interponerx joints
Interpofalanx compounds are formed by a combination of neighboring falsals each of the fingers.Great (first) There are only two phalanxes in this finger because there is only one cut combination of finger (proximal and distal).The rest of the finger of each of the hands is two cross-sections.
The first of them is localized between the first (proximal) and secondly (middle) called fingers and proximal phalanges (up) Interponang combination.The latter creates a connection between the middle (second) and the last (distarse) Finger phalanges.The second intererring is called distal interficible compounds.Interferant compounds are intensified with collateral and palmar ligaments.These joints belong to block combinations, the actions are only possible around the front plane (Battle and bending).
What structures can be inflamed in the joints of the hands?
Inflammation is a typical pathological process of these tissues and bodies damaged for any reason.It's worth remembering that, in most cases, every disease (For example, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.) or trauma that harms a degree or other of hands, not only articular, but also affects the perioster (Nerves, muscles, tendons, subcutaneous fat, leather) Structures.
The following articular structures may be inflamed in the joints of hands:
- Joint cartilage;
- Squeeze the bone texture;
- Joint capsule;
- Joint ligaments.
Causes of pain in the joints of hand and fingers
The basic share between reasons causing pain in combinations of hand and fingers is occupied by mechanical injuries (Fractures, dislocations, bruises, etc.) and systemic Otoimmune diseases (Rheumatoid arthritis, systematic lupus eritematosus, psoriasis, etc.).For these reasons, pain in the joints of hands can cause diseases related to metabolic diseases (For example, gout, osteoarthrosis).
There are the following main reasons that create pain in combination of hand and fingers:
- Hand and fingers decay;
- Fracture of the bones of the brush;
- the displacement of the brush;
- lyes of hand ligaments;
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- Kinbeck's disease;
- jet arthritis;
- gout;
- psorial arthritis;
- Sinovit;
- osteoarthrosis;
- System red lupus.
Brush and rotten of fingers
One of the types of closed injuries that damage a bruise, soft tissues (Muscles, tendons, nerves, leather) And there are no wounds where the main movement of the traumatic factor is redirected.Hand and soft tissues of fingers are very rarely found in isolation (separately) from the rotten of the joints of hand and fingers.Therefore, these types of symptoms are found with these types of injuries, the combinations of the hand and periodicular lesion (Peri-millan) Fabrics.While brushes and fingers are usually captured, it is found by compression or pinching, by harming a sharp object.
Often, the decisions of the cystic zone damage to the main trunks of the media, radial, elbow nerves (which innerves the area of hand and fingers) Immediately with the loss of skin sensitivity, it immediately shows itself and in some cases, even fingers disappear.
Articular and inflammatory edema of the fairy-feri-dohuman structures are developing as a result of the expansion of numerous ships.This edema is one of the reactions of inflammation in response to the damage of tissues during the rotten.
Fracture of the bones of the brush
Often, the cause of the pain in the hands of the hand can be different fractures of the bones, because these bones were registered directly in the formation of articular surfaces.Depending on the anatomical position of the damaged bone, all fractures are divided into three main groups.The first group includes fractures of wrist bones.Second, the pipe includes fractures of metarpal bones.The third group includes the fractures of the phalanges bones of the fingers.
The most harm in the barber zone of the brush is semi-liquid and scaphid bones.The fracture of these bones occurs during the fall on the brush and is accompanied by pain in the area of wrist and middle wrist joints.Pain syndrome can also be observed in the places of anatomical localization of these bones.
The most often fracture of the tips of the metacarpal bones is the fracture of the first metarpal bone (One of the thumb bones attached to the phalanges).With this injury, the first metatarcal bone is in the area of the base of the base, as well as in the zone of the carpal patterned combination.Your thumb is shortened with such a broken, bent and causes your palm.His actions are limited.
Fractures of the brush Phalax deformed, reducing fingers, loss of their functions, sharp pain and their second in pain and pastry in pain and pastry.Palpation with fractures of the fingers with the displacement of bone fragments, with fractures (in palposition) You can be a hole or isolated on the palm of the brush on the palmar surface of the brush.These fragments can generally detect subcutaneous bleeding nearby mobile (Hematomes).
Dislocation of the brush
Dyslocation, a pathological situation that has been on the anatomical borders, which has any shared borders, thus shows itself with a full or partial loss of this joint.In addition to a joint function during dislocations, the fierce pains of the affected combination are also found in the local growth of swelling and temperature.During the dyslocation of the brush, the appearance of swelling is explained by the speech of the Emanized bone combination in the structures of damaged fairy -homan tissues, but also in the structures of the combination.
The most frequent dislocation types of brush
| Name of dislocation | Dislocation mechanism | Which play is admired? |
| The actual dislocation of the brush | Articular surfaces of the wrist bones are expelled relative to the joint surface of the radial bone, behind the palm or hand. |
|
| Perilunar dislocation | The part of the wrist and the rest of the brush varies relative to the afternoon and radial bone behind the brush. |
|
| The dislocation of the bone | At the same time, the skaphoid bone shows the dislocation of radiation in parallel (In the same plane) the wrist to the nearby bones.Sometimes on the palmar side, that is, on the same side of the trapezoidal bone, the less often can change to switch to the bone retention palm. |
|
| Dislocation of half-mum | There is half a slide in the direction of the palm that the lack of space in this bone is the lack of space.Gradually, the second order of his wrist bones is occupied by the main bone.This dislocation is a complication to adjust the perilular dislocation. |
|
| Dislocation of the first metacarpal bone | The basis of the first metarpal bone varies from the architectural surface to the surface of the bones that hold the bone on the radiation side (proximal) and in the same plane as the wrist bones.Thus, the thumb is a little back and toward the wrist combination. |
|
| Phalanges Dislocation of fingers | Metacarpophalangeal joints and PharaX combinations have a displacement of fingers.The joint surface of the proximal phalix of fingers in the first (With your entire finger) Queues relative to the articular surface of metacarpal bones.Second, the finger itself has a displacement between the bones of the phailangs.Usually fingers have back and palm dislocation of phalanges. |
|
Damage to the ligaments of the hand
Along with the brushes of the brush, the ligaments lesion applies to indoor traumatic damage.These pathologically, the extreme extension of the hand, the fingers are found in any direction.The main lesions of the brush gang are their stretching and tearing.Stretching in the damage zone, a while partially ripping a bit of re-i-is-is-is-is-is-is-is-is-is-and-is-is-refine and connective tissue fibers.With the tearing of ligaments, the whole ligament is divided into two endless ends.
The following key types of falling from the ligaments of the brush are different:
- collapse of the wrist radial collateral ligament;
- The collapse of the wrist elbow ligament;
- The collapse of the mixing ligaments;
- Collapse of side ligaments of metacarpal phalcering joints;
- The collapse of side ligaments of interponang compounds.
Rheumatoid arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis is a disease that the human immune system has damaged the body's own tissues.In other words, the Rheumatoid Arthrity is the pathology of autoimm.This disease is also systematic because many tissues are affected by him (Muscles, joints, veins, etc.) and bodies (Heart, kidneys, lungs, etc.) in the body.
Although there is a systematic disease at the bottom of the rheumatoid arthritis, the joints suffer, the lesion of other tissues and bodies are in the back plain.This disease can be affected by almost all sorts of brush joints (Wrist, carpal-paths, metacarpal-phalanx, phalanx combinations).The lesion is usually symmetrical (These are.The same joints are affected) Both acquisitions, swelling and damaged joints are painfully accompanied by pain.In the morning, while lifting out of the bed, there is a number of stiffness in affected joints that can last about 1 hour and then disappear.
Often with rheumatic arthritis near the affected joints of the brush (More piano-phalanx, phalanx combinations) Rheumatoid nodules appear.They are a round format located under the skin.In the brush, these forms arise in the back.They are in palpation, intense, inactive, painless.Their number can change.
Penny disease
Kinbeck's disease is a pathological being affected by a semi-carpal bone.The disease is developing as a result of long-term physical loading of hands.Usually in construction professionals - plaques, masons, merger, etc.Excess physical activity of palms palms, excess physical activity of this bone palms, because it is physically physical activity because of this bone, because the wrist is a central position.Most, the brush of a hand during Kinbeck's disease is affected and as a rule, the key (Indeed, the hand is damaged by the hand outside the left).
Jet arthritis
Reactive arthritis is a pathology of the immunopolitical genesis attacked by its immune system in the body, so the inflammation of Outoimmune is developing.Unlike other autoimmune diseases (For example, rheumatoid arthritis, systematic lupus erythematosis, is a case of a contagious origin) A clear connection between the infection in jet arthritis is followed (and especially in the intestine or urogenital) and the development of joint lesions.
In addition, lymph nodes with this pathology may increase and fever can be seen.During the passage of jet arthritis to a chronic shape, patients can show the signs of kidney, heart and muscle atrophy, and bursites may occur (Periosemantal bags inflammation), tendvajinites (Inflammation of the tendon vagina) and others.
Gut
Gut is a disease based on the formation of the body of urine acid and sediment in the body.Uralgic acid is the ultimate product of metabolic of clean and pyrimidine basics.Serve as a basis for the construction of DNA and RNA molecules, some energy formation (Adenosin Triffs, Adenosin Monofosphate, etc.) and vitamins.
Pain with gout occurs in small combinations of low and upper extremities.Moreover, in 50% of all clinical work, the disease begins in the middle of the first place.In the hands, as a rule, the outdated combinations of the fingers are affected, less often - bright joints.Gut usually hurts one or more playaginary in one limb, sometimes the combinations of other limbs are in the inflammation process.
Psoriat Arthritis
Psoriatic Arthritis, a pathology where various joints are inflamed in the background of psoriasis.The development of psoriasis is based on violation of interaction between immune cells and skin cells in the body (and especially on the skin) There are autoimmune reactions that cause inflammation.
Synovite
Sinovit is an inflammation of the synovial crust of compounds accompanied by the collection of pathological fluidity in damage and affected joints.Sinovit is not a separate disease, but serve as a complication of other diseases.Endocrine, allergic, contagious, autoimmune pathologies, brushes, etc.Can occur with.
Osteoarthrosis
Osteoarthritis is a disease that has a violation of the process of forming normal cartilage tissue in various joints.These processes are violated under the influence of certain external and internal trends.Regular joint injuries may be a long-term physical activity (Here, in everyday life, in sports), inherited, other joint diseases, etc.
The joints of the fingers are in a periodicity because it hurts with this pathology (Peri-millan) Tissues occur in inflammation, nerves are affected.A characteristic feature of osteoarthritis is the relationship of pain with physical activity.Pain in the dismhats mainly after heavy physical excessive loads and disappears after rest or rest.
System Red Lupus
The systematic lupus is a manufacturing system of an immune system of anti-polytheists, attacking various structures of iRityThematosus, human body, cells and tissues.In particular, it is observed in the production of so many -Callcore Anti -Co antibodies that damage the cell Nuclei and DNA and RNA molecules.The red lupus is affected by various fabrics and bodies - leather, ships, heart, pleura, pericudes, kidneys, joints, etc.
System Red Lupus is constantly other additional signs - weakness, weight loss, shooting (Improving body temperature).However, special symptoms are the greatest importance, without a red lupus without it.These special signs are photodermatitis (Inflammation of the skin under the influence of sunlight), Discoid rash (Look in the neck of the neck, the chest of red hats), lupoid butterfly (The appearance of red spots on the skin near the nose), erosion in the oral cavity, damaged kidneys (Glomerulonephritis), Serocyts (Inflammation of series membranes) and others.
Diagnosis of the causes of pain pain
The hands of pain in the joints of the hand are diagnosed and treatment of pain causes, mainly traumatologist and a breeding doctor.To diagnose such causes, these doctors are mainly used clinically (Anamnesis collection, external inspection, palpation, etc.), radial (Radiography, Calculated Tomography) and lab (General blood test, biochemical blood test, etc.) Research methods.
Depending on the cause of pain in the joints of the hand, all diagnoses can be divided into the following sections:
- The diagnosis of the brush traumatic injuries (Bruises, dislocations, fractures, ligaments) ;;
- Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis;
- Diagnosis of Kinbeck;
- diagnosis of jet arthritis;
- Gout diagnosis;
- diagnosis of psoriating arthritis;
- Sinovit diagnosis;
- Diagnosis of osteoarthrosis;
- Diagnosis of systematic lupus erythematosis.
Diagnosis of traumatic brush injuries
In case of injuries of the brush, you must consult a traumatologist.Basic methods of diagnosis used in medical practice to determine traumatic damage to the brush (Fractures, dislocations, ligaments, bruises), an external exam, anamnezi, radiation methods (Radiography, Calculated Tomography).
Anamnestic data collection can cause the doctor to identify or injure the brush.The history of Anamnesis is also used to clarify the patient's symptoms.During an external examination in the brush, it is possible to discover the restriction of swelling, hematomas, deformities, joint mobility.With the help of the palpation, the doctor, the disruption of the anatomical form of the merger, reveals that the pain of ligaments and pain.Research Radiation methods (Radiography, Calculated Tomography) Allows you to confirm the diagnosis, because during use, mechanical damage to the anatomical form of the brush is clear.
Treatment of pathologies causing inflammation of the combination of hand
For the treatment of pain causes in the combinations of hand and fingers, doctors first set different medications (AntiinFlamator, painkillers, anti -revetas medications, etc.).In some cases, the use of these products combines physiotherapeutic procedures.Traumatic damage to the brush is mostly surgically treated or applied to the upper part of the gypsum bandage.
The first aid to overcome pain and eliminate inflammation may be the use of foreign NSAID.The drug blocks COO-2 as a selector and moves directly in the source of pain.Thanks to a special tissue, it is absorbed soon, does not leave clothes prints, has a pleasant odor.
Depending on the pathology that causes inflammation in the combinations of the hand, all treatment can be divided into the following parts:
- Treatment of traumatic injuries of the brush (Bruises, dislocations, fractures, ligaments) ;;
- treatment of rheumatoid arthritis;
- Treatment of Kinbeck;
- treatment of jet arthritis;
- Gout treatment;
- treatment of psorial arthritis;
- Sinovit treatment;
- Treatment of osteoarthritis;
- Systematic Lupus Eritematosis treatment.